Reference : Bhaishajya Ratnavali – Grahanirogadhikar (8/240-241)
Abstract
Grahani (Small Intestine) disorders are commonly encountered in modern times due to poor dietary habits, stress, and weakened digestive fire (Agni). These disorders often manifest as chronic diarrhea, indigestion, bloating, and fatigue. Ayurvedic texts describe “Grahani” as a disease rooted in Mandagni (low digestive fire), primarily affecting the Pitta and Vata doshas. Grahani Kapat Ras is a classical herbo-mineral formulation mentioned in Bhaishajya Ratnavali, specifically designed to strengthen Agni, stabilize digestion, and restore intestinal health. It is effective in managing chronic digestive conditions like Grahani Roga (Malabsorption syndrome), Raktatisara (diarrhea with bleeding), and Ajeerna (indigestion).
Introduction
Grahani Kapat Ras is a potent Ayurvedic formulation known for its remarkable efficacy in managing disorders related to weak digestion and intestinal absorption. "Grahani" refers to the duodenum/small intestine, which plays a crucial role in nutrient assimilation. When this function is impaired due to Agnimandya, toxins (Ama) accumulate, leading to symptoms such as irregular stools, weakness, and digestive disturbances. This Rasayana (rejuvenating medicine) is formulated with classical metallic Bhasmas and potent herbs to target the root cause, enhancing Agni and strengthening the digestive tract. It is especially beneficial in chronic digestive conditions where standard herbs may fall short.
Classical Indication
Grahani (Chronic Digestive Disorders)
Ingredients (As per Bhaishajya Ratnavali)
- Shuddha Hingula (Cinnabar) – 1 part
- Shuddha Gandhak (Purified Sulphur) – 1 part
- Vanshlochan (Bamboo Silica) – 1 part
- Afeem (Papaver somniferum / Opium) – 1 part
- Varatika Bhasma (Calcined Cowrie Shell) – 1 part
Bhavana Dravya (Trituration Media)
- Aja Dugdha (Goat’s Milk) – 1 part
Description of Ingredients
1. Shuddha Hingul (Purified Cinnabar)
It contains mercury in its sulphide form and is known for its Rasayana (rejuvenative) and Yogavahi (catalytic) properties. With Ushna Veerya (hot potency), it stimulates Agni (digestive fire), pacifies Kapha and Vata dosha, and improves metabolic activity. It is especially useful in chronic digestive disorders, Grahani (IBS-like symptoms), and Ajeerna (Indigestion).
2. Gandhak (Purified Sulphur)
It has Snigdha (unctuous) and Laghu (light) properties, with Ushna Veerya. Gandhak acts as a powerful Krimighna (anti-parasitic) and Deepana-Pachana (digestive stimulant). It supports healthy digestion, detoxification, and is beneficial in conditions like Atisara (diarrhea) and Grahani dosha.
3. Vanshlochan (Bamboo Silica)
This is a natural siliceous secretion from bamboo nodes, having Madhura (sweet) and Sheeta Veerya (cold potency). It acts as a mild antacid, strengthens the gut lining, and supports digestive health. It is especially useful in Pitta disorders like hyperacidity and burning sensations associated with Grahani.
4. Afeem (Papaver somniferum / Opium)
Used in highly regulated, minute quantities after Shodhana (purification), Afeem has Tikta-Kashaya rasa (bitter-astringent taste) and Sheeta Veerya (cool potency). It is known for its Grahi (absorbent), Vedanasthapaka (analgesic), and Atisara-nashaka (anti-diarrheal) actions. It helps in controlling excessive bowel movements, colic pain, and intestinal irritability.
5. Varatika Bhasma (Calcined Cowrie Shell)
This is rich in natural calcium and has Tikta-Kashaya rasa (bitter-astringent taste) with Sheeta Veerya (cool potency). It pacifies Pitta dosha and acts as an antacid and digestive stabilizer. Varatika Bhasma strengthens the intestinal mucosa and is effective in conditions like acid peptic disorders and Grahani roga.
6. Aja Dugdha (Goat’s Milk)
It has Madhura rasa (sweet taste) and Sheeta Veerya (cool potency), known for its nourishing, cooling, and easily digestible nature. It acts as a Balya (strength-promoting) and is used as a Bhavana dravya (trituration liquid) in this formulation. Goat milk supports the healing of the intestinal mucosa and reduces inflammation in chronic digestive conditions.
Method of Preparation
- Prepare Kajjali by triturating Shuddha Parada and Shuddha Gandhak till a black, lustrous mass is formed. Add the Vanshlochan, Afeem, and Varatika Bhasma.
- Mix all the ingredients in goat’s milk, and triturate it till one prahar (approx. 3 hours).
- Form tablets (vatis) of 250 mg and dry them in a shady place.
- Dry and store in an airtight container.
Medicinal Properties
- Deepana (Improves Digestive Fire)
- Pachana (Aids Digestion)
- Grahi (Absorbent)
- Rasayana (Rejuvenator)
- Ama Nashak (Removes toxins)
Indications
- Grahani Roga (Malabsorption syndrome)
- Raktatisara (Chronic Diarrhea with bleeding)
- Ajirna (Indigestion)
- Agnimandya (Low digestive fire)
Impact on Dosha
- Primarily balances Vata and Pitta
- Helps eliminate Ama, thereby supporting Agni restoration and metabolic health
Dosage
250 mg once or twice daily with water under the supervision of a qualified Ayurvedic physician
Contraindications
- It should be avoided in children and pregnant women
- Strictly to be used under expert Ayurvedic guidance
Conclusion
Grahani Kapat Ras is a powerful classical Ayurvedic formulation aimed at correcting the root causes of chronic digestive issues. It's a carefully balanced combination of potent herbo-mineral ingredients that offers a comprehensive approach to manage malabsorption, chronic diarrhea with bleeding, and low Agni. As digestive disorders are often precursors to systemic diseases, this Ras plays a vital role in maintaining overall gut and systemic health. When used correctly under expert supervision, it can bring significant long-term relief and restoration of digestive strength.
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